Human Growth and Development

Emotional and Personality Development
- The Self
  - Erikson - initiative vs. guilt
  - self-understanding
- Moral Development
  - heteronomous morality
  - autonomous morality
Gender
- Sex vs. Gender
  - Sex =
  - Gender =
    - Gender Identity
    - Gender Constancy
    - Gender role
- Social-cognitive theory of gender
  - Do parents treat boys and girls differently?
  - The Cross-Dressing Baby Study
- gender schema
- Sex differences in social behavior tend to be context-specific
Parenting
- Teaching prosocial behavior
  - I.e. sharing, following directions, helping others, showing concern for others
  - How do parents teach their kids how to behave?
  - (Grusec, 1991)
- Parenting Styles
  - Authoritarian
  - Authoritative
  - Neglectful
  - Indulgent
- Conflict between parents
  - Divorce
  - Importance of isolating children from parental conflict
- Parental Employment
  - middle-class families
  - lower-class families
Siblings / birth order
- Parents have higher expectations for 1st born
- Effects on personality?
- Educational attainment
Peers, Play, & TV
- Peers
  - preschool, playground
  - social comparison
- Play
  - sensorimotor
  - practice
  - pretense/symbolic
  - social
  - constructive
  - games
- TV
  - Good or bad?
  - Causal link with violence